Civil War Changes The Nation -by matt G. and nick

The civil war changes the nation

The Civil Way caused political, economical, technological and social change. 360000 union soldiers and 260000 Confederate soldiers died. The amount of deaths from the Civil War was more than all other American wars combined.
The Civil War increased the government’s power and authority. They passed income taxes and conscription laws that gave control over citizens. After this, no state ever threatened secession again. Economically, the gap between the North and South was widened greatly. The North’s economy boomed, while the South’s economy declined. Due to destruction from the war, massive amounts of industry and farmland were destroyed, ending slavery as a labor system.
The civil was has been called the First Modern War for many reasons. The musket balls that were fired were made of a softer lead, which was much more destructive. The invention of the land mine and the hand grenade changed war tactics and increased war casualties greatly. The invention of the Ironclad ship was a major advancement because it could splinter wooden ships by ramming them, and it could withstand cannon fire. After this invention, all wooden ships for war became obsolete.
At the end of the Civil war, the Emancipation Proclamation and the Thirteenth Amendment permanently changed the lives of African Americans by ending slavery in the United States. On April 14th, 1865, John Wilkes Booth crept up behind Lincoln in Fords Theatre and shot him in the back of the head assassinating him.

Age of Jackson

Written by : Marlin and Jason

In the early 19^th century, different regions in the United States developed economically in different ways; the Northeast began to industrialize, while the South and the West continued in agriculture. 

The Industrial Revolution first started in New England, where the economy was heavily reliant on shipping and foreign trade. Soon enough farmers in the North improved their agriculture with the help of manufacturing, as factories produced materials items which were sold in urban markets. Meanwhile, the South focused more on agricultural power. The invention of the cotton gin made it possible to prodiuce cotton more efficiently.  

These economic differences brought political tensions between different sects of the nation.  

In 1828, President Andrew Jackson was elected to office. Putting these sectional tensions aside, he embraced the spirit of territorial expansion, and started the Age of Jackson. Jackson’s ideal political power for all classes is called Jacksonian democracy. Under this philosophy, he wanted to give common people the opportunity to participate in government. He accomplished this through the spoils system, in which new administration hire their own supporters to replace the supporters of the previous administration. By this method, he gave huge numbers of jobs to friends and political allies.  

In 1830, Congress passed the Indian Removal Act, forcing Native Americans to move west. While most Native American tribes agreed to the act, the Cherokee nation refused. The Supreme Court ruled for them to leave, as the Cherokee were forced to march west in fall 1838, also known as the Trail of Tears.  

In 1828, the South’s economy relied heavily on cotton exports. The high tariff, known as the Tariff of 1816, caused fewer British exports, forcing the South to buy expensive manufactured goods from the North. This caused the North to become rich at the expense of the South.  

Vice president John C. Calhoun of South Carolina, developed a theory of nullification in attempt to free the South from the tariffs. He reasoned that the 13 sovereign states which wrote the Constitution could declare if offending laws were uncooperative with its borders. In 1832, this issue was tested when Congress raised tariffs again. South Carolinians declared the tariffs of 1828 unfair, and threatened to secede from the union if officials tried to collect duties.  

 Jackson urged the Congress to pass the Force buill to allow the federal government to use the military if state authorities resisted to pay proper duties. Henry Clay of South Carolina compromised, proposing a tariff bill that would gradually lower duties over the course of 10 years. This temporarily eased tensions between the states’ rights and the federal authority.  

Upon his reelection in 1832, Jackson tried to decrease federal power when it came to the Second Bank of the United States, and withdrew all government deposits, storing them in certain state banks called “pet banks.” Although Jackson won the Bank War, his actions angered many people, leading to the creation of the Whig Party, formed by his opponents.  

Jackson refused to run for a third term in 1836, and thus his opponent Van Buren of the Whig Party easily won the election. Along with presidency, he also inherited the consequences of the bank war. By May 1837, many banks stopped accepting paper currency. Bank closings and the collapse of the credit card system cost many people their savings, and put a third of the population out of work.  

In 1840, William Henry Harrison took office, for people blamed the economic slump on Van Buren. As Harrison died a month after taking office, Vice President John Tyler took power, and halted Whig reforms.  

Since the Jefferson Era up to the Age of Jackson, the styles of politics in America had changed dramatically. While his legacy is mainly known for his support of Native American removal, his presidential influence changed how politics were run. Political speeches were more for entertainment, which allowed more Americans to become involved with the political process. This was to continue as expansion moved further west into places like Texas and California.

Mr. Carnegie and Mr. Rockefeller

Both steel and oil are important to industrial revolution. Two great men, Andrew Carnegie and Rockefeller, earned their wealth by dealing with the steel and oil.

Andrew Carnegie was born in a poor family in Scotland. He came to U.S. in 1848 when he is twelve. At his eighteenth, he became private secretary to the local superintendent of the Pennsylvania Railroad. Carnegie received his first dividend soon after his boss allowed him to buy stock. He left his job at the Pennsylvania Railroad in 1865 and began his steel business in 1873. As he dealing with steel company, his talent in business revealed. He tried to gain as much control of steel industry as he could. By 1899, the amount of steel that Carnegie’s company manufactured is greater than the total amount of steel manufactured by Great Britain. The explanations for Carnegie’s success are hard work, shrewd investment, and innovative business practice.

In the contrast, John D. Rockefeller gained his wealth in another way. Rockefeller gained his fortune by a trust which provided by other people . Rockefeller’s Standard Oil Company only possessed 2-3 percent of the country’s crude oil in 1870. In order to drove his competitors out of this business, Rockefeller sold the oil in a price that even lower than the production cost. As soon as he controlled the market, he hiked the price far more than original and gained huge profit. No more than ten years, Rockefeller gained the total control of the oil industry in America.

Both Carnegie and Rockefeller spent part of their property in philanthropy. Rockefeller Foundation, established by Rockefeller for over $500 million, provided funds to found the University of Chicago and created a medical institute. Carnegie donated about 90 percent of his whole wealth to support the arts and learning.

Women & Political Power (p. 64-65)

Throughout the history of the United States women have had a surprising amount of influence despite the fact that they were denied rights. It took many acts for women to gain these rights and the respect that they deserved. In the 1770s, during the revolutionary war, women helped in the fight against Britain. They boycotted tea and other British products. Sarah Morris Muffin spun her own thread instead of using British thread. The first copy of the Declaration of Independence was printed by a woman, Mary Goddard.
In 1848, women started taking a stand against their unequal treatment. Two women, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott, led the first women's suffrage movement in the United States. This movement began at the Seneca Falls conference in Seneca Falls, New York. Unfortunately, women did not get suffrage until 1920, when the united states adopted the 19th amendment.
Although women got suffrage in the 1920s the discrimination did not stop. From 1972 to 1982 women tried to pass the Equal Rights Amendment which ensured the same social and economical rights as men. The ERA was not passed due to many people's fear of unwanted change. Today equal benefits for men and women is not a problem in the United States, but still haunts many other countries around the world.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3dPF0SGh_PQ

COLONIAL COURTSHIP

In many modern cultures it is widely accepted, if not expected, for teenagers to begin dating relatively freely. This was not always the case; in the 17th and 18th centuries, teenage courtship was unheard of. Dating was strictly controlled by parents, with rules based on religion and culture.

"Frontier" or "back-country" people were of Scottish-Irish decent, and carried many of their beliefs in regards to courtship with them. Men would "abduct" a woman of their choice, typically with her consent. Men and his court of friends would band together and steal the bride, the ceremony being a boisterous dancing-drinking celebration.

Much stricter Puritans, considered marriage not a union of religious significance or of love, but of a mutually beneficial "civil contract". They utilized such tools as "courting sticks," used for private conversations between couples, and "bundling boards" to separate suitors when they sleep. Ceremonies consisted of civil, quiet, dinners, in contrast to the wild parties of the back-country community.

The Quakers, not unlike the Puritans, were also very strict in terms of marriage and courtship. Before a Quaker couple could marry, they would need the approval of both their parents and the entire community as well as undergo a sixteen step courtship phase. Despite this long and arduous process, Quaker women would sometimes reject men at the last minute.

Courtship among South societies also included ceremonies. African American slaves practiced the marriage rite of "jumping the broomstick", a ritual in which the bride and groom jump over a broomstick to seal their union.

In Virginia, marriage was not based on love, but were still considered sacred unions. Since marriage also involved the union of properties, the parents of the couple were involved in many negotiations.

By Grace M. and Casey F.

Voting Rights

After the declaration of independence in 1776, America built its own government system.
The new constitution of 1788 allowed only few Americans to vote.
One year later, in 1789, some states extended voting rights to male taxpayers with an age of at least 21 years. Women and African-Americans were usually not allowed to vote.
In 1870 the admission of the 15th amendment guaranteed African-American males the right to vote.
Despite having the right to vote, many of them were kept from voting due to the poll taxes and the literacy test. Finally the 24th amendment abolished the poll taxes (1964) and the Voting Right Act suspended the literacy test (1965).
Women began to demonstrate for their voting right. In 1920, the 19th amendment allowed native American women to vote.
In the Vietnam War (1960's) younger people became interested in politics. They had to go to war and fight for their country.
The 26th amendment allowed voting rights for 18 years of age or older, to include the younger population.

The Civil War Changes the Nation

The civil war led to political, economic, technological and social changes in the United States. The war itself ravaged the human population taking the lives of 360,000 Union soldiers and 260,000 Confederate soldiers. During the civil war, the federal government passed laws which gave them more control over citizens. While the Northern states flourished, the Southern states became a rural wasteland for poor industry and farming.

The war led to technological advances in warfare. New weapons included the rifle and the minie ball, which is a soft lead bullet. Grenades and landmines were enhanced to change modern warfare forever. Wooden ships became obsolete to the newer ironclad ships which were more durable and lethal.

As a result of the war, the government passes the Thirteenth Amendment which bans slavery. Due to the radical social changes within America at this time, certain individuals did not approve of Lincoln's controversial views. John Wilkes Booth, an actor and active support of the South, did not approve of these changes.

On April 14, 1865 Lincoln and his wife attended a British Comedy at Ford's Theater. During the third act of the play, John Wilkes Booth snuck behind and fired a shot into the back of Lincoln's head.

With the war over, slavery and secession were abolished. However, the country still faces potential and current problems.

- Felix and Kevin

Progression of Voting in America

Around 1789, in the beginning years of the United States, voting rights extended to all male taxpayers. These were mostly wealthy Caucasian male land-owners, but in some states free African-Americans were granted the right to vote. Many state constitutions required that the voter be at least 21 years old.
About 80 years later, in 1870, The Fifteenth Amendment stated a U.S. Citizens' right to vote "shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous conditions of servitude." Although this amendment was passed successfully, African Americans were prevented from voting with poll taxes that were not abolished until 1964 by the Twenty-Fourth Amendment. Literacy tests also served as a way of preventing African-Americans from voting, but in 1965 they too were stopped with a separate Voting Rights Act of 1965.
Another huge issue was suffrage for women which was not granted until 1920 with the passing of the 19th amendment. 4 years later, citizenship was extended to Native Americans, including the right to vote.
The Vietnam War brought up many other issues in America, including the voting age. Many argued that if you were old enough to be drafted to the army, you should be granted the right to vote. In 1971, the Twenty-Sixth Amendment was ratified, and to this day anyone who is 18 or older has the right to vote.

by Mingming and Hannah :)

Courtship, Colonial Style

The many different colonies formed between 1630 and 1763 had vastly different cultures, representing their different ancestry and lifestyles. Perhaps one of the clearest examples of their diversity is their various paths to marriage. Although all of these people limited dating to young adults and grown men and women, their courting varied greatly.

In the rugged backcountry, a man would "steal" a wife from her family (who knew about it before), as per tradition. These mainly Scot-Irish colonists had based theirconcept on an "abduction" ceremony of the past. The following wedding would be filled with wild drinking and dancing as the bride, groom, and their friends celebrated. Almost every person eneded up married, and the age to marry was far younger, with little difference between the age of brides and grooms.

On the other hand, in Virginia (one of the earliest colonies), marriage was a sacred and religious union. Love was unnecessary; on the other hand, the exchange of property and money between the parents took high priority. These marriages were far more civilized than the backcountry parties; the new couples had to keep up countless social graces in their new lives together. Oddly, although nearly all women married, one-fourth of all men never did. In addition, first-cousin marraiges and large age differences (10+ years) were allowed. Divorce was illegal in Virginian colonies.

Puritans took marriage as neither religious or sacred, but a civil contract. The strict customs prevented courting between a couple without the supervision of their parents. In addition, to dissuade pre-marital sexual relations, the Purtitans adapted interesting practices-- such as a "courting stick" tube to allow two loves to talk between rooms, and a "bundling board" placed between two lovers in bed. Before the actual marriages, leaders of the meeting house were allowed to voice any opinions. Following the test was a simple civil ceremony and dinner, neither with the grace of Virginia or the celebration of the backcountry. Most men and women married, and their was little age difference. Unlike with the Virginians, first cousin marriages were discouraged. Divorce, suprisingly, was legal.

The Quakers followed a very communalistic lifestyle; as a result, their marriages needed the permissions of the entire community. To gain the approval of large group, the lovers needed to complete a long, 16-step courtship. Even with this all out of the way, many Quaker women were known to reject their men. Almost a fifth of the women were single, and first-cousin marriages were forbidden. Divorce was strictly illegal.

In the case of slaves in the South, many of the customs followed by white colonists in other cultures would be impossible. Instead, African slaves took on their own customs, some based on those of Africa and some innovated to fit their harsh conditions. For example, their was a custom of plantation slave couples "jumping the broom stick" to complete their marriage.

These different customs are only of the sample of the many conventions-- simple or complicated, religious or civil, graceful or rowdy-- that young couples underwent to hold each others hand in marriage.

Women and Political Power

In the 1770s British women weren't allowed to participate in politics. To get their views  to the across to the government, women used to boycott British items such as tea, clothing, and thread. Women would spin their own thread and make their own clothes.

In 1848, women in America realized that they were not equal to men in the sense of rights and suffrage. So then they started the first suffrage movement. It was started by Elizabeth Cady Stanton ad Lucretia Mott in Seneca Falls, New York. By 1920 the 19th amendment was written and passed. The amendment gave women the right to vote.

By the mid 1900's women working included in the working class but still felt that they were not equal to men because of their their lower pay. The Equal Rights Amendment was written but not passed because many people, both men and women, thought that it would bring "unwanted change"(pg65 of textbook).

Though there were challenges in the beginning, many women today have achieved important positions in our society politically and economically. 

yasmeen

Voting Rights by Edoardo, and Da Vonnia

EDITORS: EDOARDO, DA VONNIA

Voting Rights 

American colonists declared their independence from Great Britain in 1776, they struggle to create a representative Government, the state constitution established voting rights, but only for certain citizens. These small amount of citizens were 21 years of age, and generally were all white. Because of the fact that the Articles of Confederation did not address voting rights, the existing state law remained the same. In 1788, a new constitution was established to replace the articles of confederation, but it did not address voting right to many people in the United States. Over the years the right to vote expanded to more and more citizens. Which allow them to practice local and national government. 

During 1789, property qualification were more open in some states(Pennsylvania, Delaware, North Carolina, Georgia, and Vermont) to include all male taxpayers, and woman were not allow to vote. Some states allowed free African Americans to vote.

During 1870, the fifteenth amendment attempted to guarantee African American males the right to vote. The amendment stated"to vote shall not be denied or abridged[limited] by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude." One way government limited the African American vote, was through poll taxes, which were finally abolished in 1964 by the 24th amendment. 

During 1920, the nineteenth amendment granting voting rights to woman, was finally ratified. Four years later, the nineteenth Amendment gave citizenship to Native Americans, which gave them the right to vote. 

During 1971, the twenty- sixth Amendment guaranteed the right to vote citizens" eighteen years of age or older" 

 

Voting Rights

By Aimee and Nicky


American colonists declared independence from Great Britain in 1776. They were trying to create a representative government, but not all the U.S. citizens had the right to vote. The Articles of Confederation didn't address voting rights, and even after it was replaced by the new Constitution, many people still couldn't vote. However, more and more citizens gained the voting rights as the Constitution was amended over the years.

In 1789, male property owners or taxpayers who had reached the age of 21 were free to vote. Women weren't allowed to vote at that time. Some states allowed free African Americans to vote, but people who qualified to vote were generally white.

In 1870, The 15th Amendment was passed and that allowed African American males to vote. However, there was a lot of white opposition to this and some states made it impossible for black men to vote. For example, these states passed laws that stated that people had to take a literacy test in order to vote. Most black men weren't educated at that time, and therefore couldn't. Also, the people who gave the tests could pass or fail anybody they liked.

In 1920, women gained suffrage and could vote. In 1924, Native Americans were also given the right to vote.

In 1971, the 26th Amendment was passed. It lowered the requirement age for voting to 18 or older. This amendment was passed becuase there was controversy over the fact that young males were drafted to go to war during the Vietnam War but couldn't vote. It was deemed unfair, so the amendment was passed and the age was lowered.

Life During the Civil War

Despite the atrocities that the Civil War wrought on American life, many social improvements emerged in response to the nation's underlying problems. These issues, such as insufficient war medicine, unjust drafts, and discrimination within the military were brought to the attention of the American public during the war and many quickly acted to fix them.

One of the these improvements was the American Red Cross, which Clara Barton, a dedicated Union nurse, founded after coping with the inadequate medical care of both Union and Confederate soldiers. The lack of medical technology combined with the squalid conditions on the battlefield, such as sparing diet and exposure to excrement, stimulated the contraction of dysentery and diarrhea and the spread of body lice. War prisoners commonly fell ill with pneumonia in overcrowded and unsanitary war prisons, which seldom provided enough food, space or medicine. Thousands of women from both the North and the South rose to the challenge of caring for these sickly soldiers. The Union alone provided 3,000 army nurses, one of whom was Clara Barton.

The Civil War also underscored the injustice of forcing citizens into war. In an attempt to augment battalions after heavy casualties and desertions, the North and the South enacted a draft, which was met with violent remonstrance. Draft riots sprang up in cities across the North, such as the one portrayed in the final scenes of Martin Scorsese's historical film Gangs of New York.



And even in the fight to rid the States of discrimination, African-American soldiers in the Union Army were paid less than their white counterparts and were assigned to separate regiments. Perhaps even more outrageous is the fact that black soldiers constituted about 10% of the Union army, even though the North's black population was a miniscule 1%. In the modern U.S. military, soldiers are not separated by ethnicity nor are specific racial groups targeted for service.

From Sea to Shining Sea

Manifest destiny is a phrase that illustrates the belief of predestined westward expansion shared by many Americans in the 1800's. During the 1840's, an "expansion fever" took over the United States. Americans traveled and settled in the west due to trade,the prospect of new life, the escape of persecution, the inexpensive land, and manifest destiny.

From 1821 through the 1860's, traders and settlers loaded their wagons and set off toward the west. One of the busiest routes was the Santa Fe Trail, which went from Independence, Missouri, to Santa Fe, New Mexico. This trail was mainly occupied with traders.

Another route used to travel to the west was the Oregon Trail, which was blazed in 1836. This trail started in Independence, Missouri, and ended in Oregon City, Oregon. Many pioneers used this trail to escape the economic problems in the east and migrate to the west in search for a new life.

One group of people, called the Mormons, used the Oregon Trail and migrated west in order to escape persecution. Faced with anti-Mormon mobs in Ohio and Illinois, the Mormons decided to move farther west. In the end, the Mormons settled in a desert near the Great Salt Lake. By irrigating the land, the desert transformed into settlements and farms. This desert is now known as Salt Lake City.

Some Americans also settled in Texas, a Mexican region at the time, because of the inexpensive land. In 1821, a settler by the name of Stephen F. Austin established a colony in Texas where "no drunkard, no gambler, no profane swearer, and no idler" would be allowed. This colony, named San Felipe de Austin, consisted of three hundred families. As more Americans settled in Texas, the number of Anglo, or English-speaking, people surpassed the number of Mexicans. By 1830 there were more than 20,000 Americans in Texas.

This prodigious number of Anglo settlers, along with the instability of Mexican politics, created a "great" opportunity for the American government. Due to the unstable government, a rebellion broke out in Texas called the Texas Revolution. In the end of this revolution, Texas gained independence from Mexico. After their independence, most Texans wanted the United States to annex the Texan republic.

The annexation angered the Mexican government, and President Polk, the president of the United States at that time, saw this anger as a great opportunity to gain more land in the west and fulfill the the prophesy of manifest destiny. By provoking the Mexican government, the United States was able to declare war on Mexico. After a year of fighting, Mexico conceded defeat. On February 2, 1848, the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was signed, confirming the borderline between the United States and Mexico and giving the territories of New Mexico and California to the United States in exchange for $15 million.

However, this was not the end of the exchanges of land for money. Five years later, Mexico was paid $10 million for another piece of territory. This purchase was called the Gadsden Purchase. With the new territory, the construction of the transcontinental railroad was made possible. Also, the current borders of the 48 states was established. Finally, the United States reached from "sea to shining sea."

By Angela

The Road to Revolution

After the meeting of the First Continental Congress, colonists from many eastern New England cities stepped up military preparations. Minutemen stockpiled firearms and gunpowder. British General Thomal Gage fond out and in spring 1775 he ordered troops march from Boston to Concorde, Massachussets, to seize illegal weapons. But the colonists were watching and on the nigbt of April 18th, 1775, Paul Revere, William Davies and Samuel Prescott spread word that the british headed for Concorde. So they rand bells and shot their guns as prearanged signals that were sent from town to town.
When the British arrived in Lexington, a small town near Concorde, 70 minutemen were waiting for them. In this first fight of the Revolutionary war, 18 minutemen were killed, 10 injured but only one redcoat was wounded. This battle lasted for 15 minutes.
When the British arrived in Concorde, all they found was an empty arsenal. They wanted to march mack to Boston, but three- to fourthousand minutemen had gathered in Concorde by then and attacked them. The remaining British troops went back to Boston that night. Colonists were now "officially" the enemies of Britain and held Boston and its encampment of British troops under siege.
In may 1775, the Second Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia. It was an endless debate. Some delegates called for indepe´ndence, other argued for reconciliation with Great Britain. The Congress agreed in the end to recognize the colonial militia as the Continental Army and appointed George Washington as its leader.
On June 17, 1775, Thomas Gage sent 2400 British soldiers up on Breed's Hill near Bunker Hill. The British attacked the colonials, who held their fire until the lasst moment, and in the end suffered over 1000 men. The colonials only lost 450 men. In spite of its wrong name, this battle was considered the most deadliest.
By July, the SCC was ready for war, but still hoped for peace, blaming only the ministers, not King George III. On July 8th, congress sent the so-called Olive Branch Petition to the king. But the king rejected it and declared war.

Hardwork and Dedication, A Women's Life

Women have fought over the years to put their opinions into action. From the late 1700s to the earl 2000s, women have fought their way into this country. It first started in the 1770s, women joined in for a strike against Britain. They rioted against tea and even sewing thread. Many years passed by and we come upon the year of 1848. Women began to realize that they were looked down upon even more as these years passed by. They were given fewer rights than men. They were not allowed to vote and their opinion was worthless to the world. But, Elizabeth Stanton and Lucretia Mott launched the first women’s suffrage meeting in the U.S. They argued for their rights and explain that they were not being treated fairly or equally. They made a declaration which in it they expressed their views and opinions on what they had been feeling and seeing over the years and now. Women were later allowed to vote in the 1920s. Americans generated the 19th amendment, which allowed them to do what they could not for so long. In 1972-1982, women were still unsatisfied with their lack of inequality. They were working hard, but not receiving the respect in which they most certainly deserved. Women wanted to be treated equally to men, so they passed an Equal Rights Amendment. Women all over the country supported this decision, but men feared that women would become too powerful. They turned down the amendment. Many women have achieved strong positions in this nation. They had major contributions to political, social, and economical structures here today. Women are a great contribution to who we are and things that we have experienced to this day. Being women in this world can sometimes be difficult, but you begin to learn that not all things start out easy. With handwork and dedication, there might just be hope in the looking.

The Civil War's Catostraphic Output

The Civil War was fought between two contentious sides of the United States. The North vs. the South. These two sections were not exactly antithetical, but had very diverse and different views of certain situations. The North and South were not quite similar when it came to their views and opinions, but the South’s agreeable view to slavery caused conflict between the two regions. Southerners relied on the work of slaves, for they accompanied much land on plantations. Northerners did not have the need for slaves because they were a bit more industrialized, resulting in more revolt towards slavery use. In California, slavery issues began to rise. The war led to many conflicts between the South and the North. African Americans began to fight for their freedom. They made up a small majority of the population but their servitude was many. There were many casualties on both sides of the war. The African populations made up a small amount of the North’s population, but more than 10% had joined to help fight with the Union. No matter how hard they fought, no matter how man had died, the African American population still was abused my discrimination. They were segregated from the whites and were treated under them. Conditions turned harsh on both sides. Women began to take a stand. They helped nurse the wounded. Even though women were not given the proper justification, they still helped put healing hands in the wars fatal accidents. The war overpowered much of the South. The Union lost much of its resources. It’s lack of economical resources led to starvation. The North was undergoing an economic boom. This wasn’t all so very tainting, for it had its down faults. Many immigrants were not getting paid what they needed or should have been. They faced a crisis and began to strike. When people quit, whites began to hire slaves to work for them. The Civil War was full of many hard and rough times. It not only changed the North and South subtly, but it changed their whole lifestyle and culture.